Supramolecular compounds are multi-molecular assemblies possessing a great deal of structural, three-dimensional information. This is the first work to deal specifically with crystallographic studies combined with other methodologies, such as molecular dynamics, thermodynamics, NMR and atomic force microscopy. A wide range of supramolecular systems - ranging from atoms to single 5 kDa molecules to high polymers - involve molecular recognition based on non-covalent interactions having a precise geometry. The work focuses on general structural concepts as the basis for the chemical synthesis of preconceived compounds and devices, such as switches, sensors and biomimetic systems. Further progress will come from the imprinting of structural information into molecular components that spontaneously proceed to self-organization. The contributions of crystallographers, chemists, photochemists and physicists enhances the typical sequence: conception and design - synthesis - structure and visualization - properties - applications, taking the reader from first principles to the very forefront of the latest achievements.