Richard Graham

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Books

Britain and the Onset of Modernization in Brazil, 1850-1914
This is a detailed study of British influence in Brazil as a theme within the larger story of modernization.
Machado de Assis : Reflections on a Brazilian Master Writer
1999
Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis (1839-1908) never left Brazil and rarely traveled outside his native city of Rio de Janeiro, yet he is widely acknowledged by those who have read him as one of the major authors of the nineteenth century. His works are full of subtle irony, relentless psychological insights, and brilliant literary innovations. Yet, because he wrote in Portuguese, a language outside the mainstream of Western culture, those with access to his writings are relatively few. This book is....[more]
The Idea of Race in Latin America : 1870-1940
1990
"...an important contribution to the far too limited literature on race and racialist thinking in Latin America." --Hispanic American Historical Review From the mid-nineteenth century until the 1930s, many Latin American leaders faced a difficult dilemma regarding the idea of race. On the one hand, they aspired to an ever-closer connection to Europe and North America, where, during much of this period, "scientific" thought condemned nonwhite races to an inferior category. Yet, with the heterogen....[more]
Patronage and Politics in Nineteenth-Century Brazil
1990
Focusing on the period from 1840 to 1889, one of the leading historians on Brazil explores the specific ways in which granting protection, official positions, and other favors in exchange for political and personal loyalty worked to benefit the interests of wealthy Brazilians.
Independence in Latin America : A Comparative Approach
1994
This brief text outlines the complex processes through which Latin America became independent of Spain and Portugal in the first quarter of the nineteenth century. The author argues that three major forces shaped the contours of independence: 1) the rise of a single world economy driven especially by the rise of industrial capitalism in England, 2) the response of the Latin American elites as they sought to gain advantage from these changes, and 3) the constant pressure exerted upon the elites b....[more]
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