How do taxes affect the distribution of income when all dynamic impacts are considered? Does an equalization of income distribution have important economic effects? Do changes in inequality lead to changes in progressivity? Is entrepreneurial activity especially sensitive to attempts to redistribute income? Fifteen economists and scholars address those key questions in the current public debate over tax policy in six essays and commentaries. Their analyses encompass a disaggregated pattern of economic growth slowed by inequality in poor countries, an increasing inequality of wealth in the United States, the necessity of equalizing opportunities, the increasing inequality in pretax income distribution, and distortions from capital taxation. Book jacket.